Lambda Interferon Inhibits Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Macrophages

Interferon Lambda Inhibits HIV-1 Infection of Macrophages

Interferon gamma and interleukin 6 modulate the susceptibility of macrophages to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.

The effect of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) on infection of macrophages with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was investigated. By using a polymerase chain reaction-based viral entry assay and viral infectivity assay, it was demonstrated that IL-6 and IFN-gamma augmented susceptibility of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) to infection with T-cell tropic CXCR...

Co-infection with opportunistic pathogens promotes human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in macrophages.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is dependent on susceptible host cells that express both CD4 and chemokine co-receptors. The co-receptor CCR5 is associated with primary infection by macrophage-tropic virus isolates, whereas CXCR4 is commonly associated with T cell- and dual-tropic viruses. Once infected, lymphocytes and macrophages may replicate HIV-1 or harbor latent viru...

Morphological differentiation of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.

We have studied human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells at various stages of morphological differentiation. Two days' treatment of the cells with retinoic acid (RA) or dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP) resulted in the appearance of elongated neurites and enhanced production of 160K to 200K neurofilament proteins as shown by indirect immunofluorescence. ...

Vitamin D Inhibits Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Macrophages through the Induction of Autophagy

Low vitamin D levels in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV) infected persons are associated with more rapid disease progression and increased risk for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. We have previously shown that 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25D3), the active form of vitamin D, inhibits HIV replication in human macrophages through the induction of autophagy. In this study, we r...